Journal
DIABETES CARE
Volume 33, Issue 2, Pages 402-404Publisher
AMER DIABETES ASSOC
DOI: 10.2337/dc09-1393
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Funding
- Parthenon Trust, Switzerland
- Wellcome Trust, U.K.
- Medical Research Council, U.K.
- MRC [MC_U147585821, MC_UP_A620_1016, G0400519] Funding Source: UKRI
- Medical Research Council [U1475000003, MC_UP_A620_1016, G0400519, MC_U147585821] Funding Source: researchfish
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OBJECTIVE - To test the hypothesis that maternal gestational diabetes increases cardiovascular risk markers in Indian children. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Anthropometry, blood pressure, and glucose/insulin concentrations were measured in 514 children at 5 and 9.5 years of age (35 offspring of diabetic mothers [ODMs], 39 offspring of diabetic fathers [ODFs]). Children of nondiabetic parents were control subjects. RESULTS - At age 9.5 years, female ODMs had larger skinfolds (P < 0.001), higher glucose (30 min) and insulin concentrations, and higher homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) of insulin resistance and systolic blood pressure (P < 0.05) than control subjects. Male ODMs had higher HOMA (P < 0.01). Associations were stronger than at age 5 years. Female ODFs had larger skinfolds and male ODFs had higher HOMA (P < 0.05) than control subjects; associations were weaker than for ODMs. Associations between Outcomes in control subjects and parental BMI, glucose, and insulin concentrations were similar for mothers and fathers. CONCLUSIONS - The intrauterine environment experienced by ODMs increases diabetes and cardiovascular risk over genetic factors; the effects strengthen during childhood.
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