Journal
DIABETES
Volume 62, Issue 7, Pages 2386-2395Publisher
AMER DIABETES ASSOC
DOI: 10.2337/db12-1557
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Funding
- United States Public Health Service [DK40484, DK45343, DK50456, R00585, DK56341]
- Mayo Foundation
- National Center for Research Resources
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health [1 UL1 RR024150-01]
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We measured the incorporation of systemic free fatty acids (FFA) into circulating very low-density lipoprotein triglycerides (VLDL-TGs) under postabsorptive, postprandial, and walking conditions in humans. Fifty-five men and 85 premenopausal women with BMI 18-24 (lean) and 27-36 kg/m(2) (overweight/obese) received an intravenous bolus injection of [1,1,2,3,3-H-2(5)]glycerol (to measure VLDL-TG kinetics) and either [1-C-14]palmitate or [9,10-H-3] palmitate to determine the proportion of systemic FFA that is converted to VLDL-TG. Experiments started at 0630 h after a 12-h overnight fast. In the postabsorptive protocol, participants rested and remained fasted until 1330 h. In the postprandial protocol, volunteers ingested frequent portions of a fat-free smoothie. In the walking protocol, participants walked on a treadmill for 5.5 h at similar to 3x resting energy expenditure. Approximately 7% of circulating FFA was converted into VLDL-TG. VLDL-TG secretion rates (SRs) were not statistically different among protocols. Visceral fat mass was the only independent predictor of VLDL-TG secretion, explaining 33-57% of the variance. The small proportion of systemic FFA that is converted to VLDL-TG can confound the expected relationship between plasma FFA concentration and VLDL-TG SRs. Regulation of VLDL-TG secretion is complex in that, despite a broad spectrum of physiological FFA concentrations, VLDL-TG SRs did not vary based on different acute substrate availability.
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