Journal
DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOBIOLOGY
Volume 54, Issue 6, Pages 598-611Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/dev.20531
Keywords
human; amygdala; caregiver; deprivation; cortisol; HPA axis
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Funding
- National Institute of Mental Health [R01MH091864]
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In altricial species, like the human, caregiver presence is necessary for typical emotional development. Children who have been raised in institutional care early in life experience caregiver deprivation and are at significantly elevated risk for emotional difficulties. The current manuscript examines the non-human and human literatures on amygdala development following caregiver deprivation and presents an argument that in the absence of the species-expected caregiver presence, human amygdala development exhibits rapid development and perhaps premature engagement that results in some of the emotional phenotypes observed following early institutional care. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals,Inc. Dev Psychobiol 54: 598611, 2012.
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