Journal
DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOBIOLOGY
Volume 53, Issue 2, Pages 184-195Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/dev.20511
Keywords
cortisol; preterm; stress; anxiety; HPA axis; internalizing behavior; toddler; maternal care; low birth weight; maternal interaction
Categories
Funding
- National Institute for Child Health and Human Development [R01 HD39783]
- Canadian Institutes for Health Research [MOP42469]
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development [R01 HD39783]
- Human Early Learning Partnership (HELP)
- Child and Family Research Institute
- Louise & Alan Edwards Postdoctoral Fellowship in Pediatric Pain Research
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Cortisol levels were compared in children born preterm at extremely low gestational age (ELGA; 24-28 weeks), very low gestational age (VGLA; 29-32 weeks), and full-term in response to cognitive assessment at 18 months corrected age (CA). Further, we investigated the relationship between maternal interactive behaviors and child internalizing behaviors (rated by the mother) in relation to child cortisol levels. EGLA children had higher pretest cortisol levels and a different pattern of cortisol response to cognitive assessment compared to VGLA and full-terms. Higher cortisol levels in ELGA, but not full-term, children were associated with less optimal mother interactive behavior. Moreover, the pattern of cortisol change was related to internalizing behaviors among ELGA, and to a lesser degree VLGA children. In conclusion, our findings suggest altered programming of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in preterm children, as well as their greater sensitivity to environmental context such as maternal interactive behavior. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 53: 184-195, 2011.
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