Journal
DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 35, Issue 5, Pages 406-415Publisher
KARGER
DOI: 10.1159/000353820
Keywords
Bromodeoxyuridine; Dentate gyrus; Doublecortin; Hippocampus; Neurogenesis
Categories
Funding
- Swedish Childhood Cancer Foundation (Barncancerfonden)
- Swedish Cancer Foundation (Cancerfonden)
- Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsradet)
- Agreement Concerning Research and Education of Doctors (ALF) in Stockholm
- Agreement Concerning Research and Education of Doctors (ALF) in Gothenburg
- Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg
- Sten A. Olsson Foundation
- King Gustav V Jubilee Clinic Research Foundation (JK-fonden)
- Frimurare Barnhus Foundation
- Wilhelm and Martina Lundgren Foundation
- Gothenburg Medical Society
- Sahlgrenska Foundations (SU-fonden)
- Aina Wallstrom and Mary-Ann Sjoblom Foundation
- Ulla Foundation
- Rune Amlov Foundation
- AFA Insurance
- Swedish Society of Medicine
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Radiotherapy is an effective treatment strategy in the treatment of brain tumors, but it is also a major cause of long-term complications, especially in survivors of pediatric brain tumors. Cognitive decline caused by cranial radiotherapy is thought, at least partly, to depend on injury to stem and progenitor cells in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. This study investigated the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation at the time of irradiation (IR) in the growing mouse brain. A single injection of LPS (0.3 mg/kg) was administered 24 h prior to cranial IR of 14-day-old male mice. LPS pretreatment increased the levels of the chemokine CCL2 and the cytokine IL-1 beta in the brain by 440 and 560%, respectively, compared to IR alone. IR disrupted hippocampal neurogenesis and the growth of the dentate gyrus, and the mice pretreated with LPS displayed an even more pronounced lack of growth than the vehicle-treated group 2 months after IR. The density of microglia was not affected, but LPS-pretreated mice displayed 48% fewer bromodeoxyuridine-positive cells and 43% fewer doublecortin-ositive cells in the granule cell layer 2 months after IR compared with the vehicle-treated group. In conclusion, an ongoing inflammation in the brain at the time of IR further enhanced the IR-induced loss of neurogenesis, and may aggravate future cognitive deficits in patients treated with cranial radiotherapy. Copyright (C) 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel
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