Journal
DEVELOPMENTAL NEUROBIOLOGY
Volume 71, Issue 6, Pages 403-418Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1002/dneu.20818
Keywords
microtubule; neuron; axon; dendrite; microtubule polarity; neuronal polarity; +tips; cytoplasmic dynein; kinesin
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Funding
- National Institutes of Health
- National Science Foundation
- Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia Foundation
- Alzheimer's Association
- Christopher and Dana Reeve Foundation
- Craig H. Neilsen Foundation
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It is widely believed that signature patterns of microtubule polarity orientation within axons and dendrites underlie compositional and morphological differences that distinguish these neuronal processes from one another. Axons of vertebrate neurons display uniformly plus-end-distal microtubules, whereas their dendrites display non-uniformly oriented microtubules. Recent studies on insect neurons suggest that it is the minus-end-distal microtubules that are the critical feature of the dendritic microtubule array, whether or not they are accompanied by plus-end-distal microtubules. Discussed in this article are the history of these findings, their implications for the regulation of neuronal polarity across the animal kingdom, and potential mechanisms by which neurons establish the distinct microtubule polarity patterns that define axons and dendrites. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 71: 403-418, 2011
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