Journal
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH
Volume 34, Issue 3, Pages 369-385Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/jor.23075
Keywords
additive manufacturing; 3D printing; rapid prototyping; selective laser melting; electron beam melting
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Additive manufacturing (AM), also commonly known as 3D printing, allows the direct fabrication of functional parts with complex shapes from digital models. In this review, the current progress of two AM processes suitable for metallic orthopaedic implant applications, namely selective laser melting (SLM) and electron beam melting (EBM) are presented. Several critical design factors such as the need for data acquisition for patient-specific design, design dependent porosity for osteo-inductive implants, surface topology of the implants and design for reduction of stress-shielding in implants are discussed. Additive manufactured biomaterials such as 316L stainless steel, titanium-6aluminium-4vanadium (Ti6Al4V) and cobalt-chromium (CoCr) are highlighted. Limitations and future potential of such technologies are also explored. (c) 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:369-385, 2016.
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