Journal
DEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS
Volume 237, Issue 10, Pages 2791-2803Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.21711
Keywords
Pax genes; differentiation; brain development; progenitor cell; lineage specification; neurogenesis; myogenesis; transcription factors
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Funding
- ARC [DP0772899]
- Neurotrauma Research Program West Australia
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Pax transcription factors are critical for the development of the central nervous system (CNS) where they have a biphasic role, initially dictating CNS regionalization, while later orchestrating differentiation of specific cell subtypes. While a plethora of expression, misexpression, and mutation studies lend support for this argument and clarify the importance of Pax genes in CNS development, less well understood, and more perplexing, is the continued Pax expression in the adult CNS. In this article we explore the mechanism of action of Pax genes in general, and while being cognizant of existing developmental data, we also draw evidence from (1) adult progenitor cells involved in regeneration and tissue maintenance, (2) specific expression patterns in fully differentiated adult cells, and (3) analysis of direct target genes functioning downstream of Pax proteins. From this, we present a more encompassing theory that Pax genes are key regulators of a cell's measured response to a dynamic environment. Developmental Dynamics 237:2791-2803, 2008. (C) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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