Journal
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
Volume 21, Issue 4, Pages 611-626Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2011.09.008
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Funding
- Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
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To understand how transcription factors function, it is essential to determine the range of genes that they each bind and regulate in vivo. Here I review evidence that most animal transcription factors each bind to a majority of genes over a quantitative series of DNA occupancy levels. These continua span functional, quasifunctional, and nonfunctional DNA binding events. Factor regulatory specificities are distinguished by quantitative differences in DNA occupancy patterns. I contrast these results with models for transcription networks that define discrete sets of direct target and nontarget genes and consequently do not fully capture the complexity observed in vivo.
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