Journal
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 45, Issue 1, Pages 115-122Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.01.024
Keywords
Androgen receptor; Alternative splicing; Testis; Testosterone; Leukocytes; Gilthead seabream
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Funding
- Fundacion Seneca (Coordination Centre for Research, CARM) [04538/GERM/06]
- Spanish MINECO [AGL2011-30264-C02-01, AGL2011-30264-C02-02]
- FEDER/ERDF
- Institut Espanol de Oceanografia
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In humans, alternative splicing of androgen receptor (AR) is usually involved in some diseases. However, our knowledge about the presence of AR variants in other species and its importance for immunity is scant. Here, we report the identification of a constitutively active AR variant lacking the ligand-binding domain (LBD), AR Delta LBD, in the fish gilthead seabream. AR Delta LBD is expressed in the testis and the head-kidney (HK), and its expression varies with the reproductive stage and is correlated with plasma testosterone (T). In addition, AR Delta LBD is expressed in acidophilic granulocytes (AGs), which are the functional equivalent of mammalian neutrophils, but not in macrophages, and its expression is modulated by both T and immune stimuli. Notably, AR and AR Delta LBD were able to interact, being the activity of AR dominant at all concentrations tested of the ligand. These results reveal a new mechanism for the regulation of neutrophil biology in vertebrates and explain the conflicting results that suggest that androgens are less important than AR in human and mouse neutrophil homeostasis. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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