Journal
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 42, Issue 1, Pages 36-41Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2013.06.006
Keywords
Pattern recognition receptor; Peptidoglycan recognition protein; Antimicrobial defense; Prophenoloxidase cascade; Innate immunity; Drosophila
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Funding
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- Japan Science and Technology Agency
- Program for the Promotion of Basic Research Activities for Innovative Biosciences (PROBRAIN)
- Strategic International Cooperative program from the Japan Science and Technology Agency
- National Institutes of Health [AI07495]
- Takeda Science Foundation
- Mitsubishi Foundation
- Astellas Foundation for Research on Metabolic Disorders
- Uehara Memorial Foundation
- Naito Foundation
- Mochida Memorial Foundation
- Terumo Life Science Foundation
- Kowa Life Science Foundation
- Global COE Research Grant (Tohoku University Ecosystem Adaptability)
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [21117005] Funding Source: KAKEN
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES [R01AI074958, T32AI007495] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Innate immunity is the front line of self-defense against infectious non-self in vertebrates and invertebrates. The innate immune system is mediated by germ-line encoding pattern recognition molecules (pathogen sensors) that recognize conserved molecular patterns present in the pathogens but absent in the host. Peptidoglycans (PGN) are essential cell wall components of almost all bacteria, except mycoplasma lacking a cell wall, which provides the host immune system an advantage for detecting invading bacteria. Several families of pattern recognition molecules that detect PGN and PGN-derived compounds have been indentified, and the role of PGRP family members in host defense is relatively well-characterized in Drosophila. This review focuses on the role of PGRP family members in the recognition of invading bacteria and the activation and modulation of immune responses in Drosophila. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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