Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 9, Issue 8, Pages 7746-7768Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b03367
Keywords
molecular machines; molecular switches; rotors and motors; hierarchical assembly; azobenzene; mechanically interlocked molecules; DNA nanotechnology; amphidynamic crystals; thermo/photosalient crystals; photomechanical crystals
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Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy [SC-1037004]
- Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarship
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As our understanding and control of intra- and intermolecular interactions evolve, ever more complex molecular systems are synthesized and assembled that are capable of performing work or completing sophisticated tasks at the molecular scale. Commonly referred to as molecular machines, these dynamic systems comprise an astonishingly diverse class of motifs and are designed to respond to a plethora of actuation stimuli. In this Review, we outline the conditions that distinguish simple switches and rotors from machines and draw from a variety of fields to highlight some of the most exciting recent examples of opportunities for driven molecular mechanics. Emphasis is placed on the need for controllable and hierarchical assembly of these molecular components to display measurable effects at the micro-, meso-, and macroscales. As in Nature, this strategy will lead to dramatic amplification of the work performed via the collective action of many machines organized in linear chains, on functionalized surfaces, or in three-dimensional assemblies.
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