Ammonia removal using 1.7 MHz high frequency ultrasound in batch and novel dam-weir falling systems

In the present work, an experimental study was carried out to investigate the ammonia removal using high frequency ultrasound in two sonoreactors, a batch and a new proposed dam-weir falling reactor. Both of the reactors equipped with high frequency (1.7 MHz) piezoelectric transducers to induce ultrasound waves into the solution. The effects of initial concentration and ultrasound irradiation on ammonia removal with and without aeration were studied. A calorimetric study was done and it was found that 4 cm liquid height on the surface of piezoelectric is an optimum height for ultrasound irritation. Moreover, it was found that aeration has a significant influence on ammonia removal. It is found that after 120 min ultrasound irradiation in the presence of air, ammonia removal up to 80 and 49% can be obtained in the dam-weir and batch systems, respectively.