Journal
DESALINATION
Volume 347, Issue -, Pages 43-51Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2014.05.020
Keywords
Polymer-flooding produced water; Electrodialysis; SiO2/PVDF ion-exchange membrane; Membrane fouling; Fouling mechanism
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Funding
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2014PY029]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51108206]
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This study focused on the characterization of SiO2/PVDF anion-exchange membrane (AEM) fouling in electrodialysis for the treatment of polymer-flooding produced wastewater containing suspended solid (SS), anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) and crude oil in Daqing oilfield in China. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis was used to investigate the membrane surface morphology and examine the chemical composition of the fouled membrane surface. The morphological study showed only a small amount of cake layers located on the external surface of the SiO2/PVDF AEMs fouled by SS and APAM, respectively. Meanwhile, the contaminants adsorbed on the membrane surface and in the membrane pores were relatively more in the presence of crude oil. It was also found that the SiO2/PVDF membranes exhibited better antifouling capacity than PVDF membranes indicated in the membrane fouling behavior and desalination time. EDX analyses revealed that the foulants on the membrane surfaces comprised not only organic substances but also inorganic elements. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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