Journal
DESALINATION
Volume 320, Issue -, Pages 1-9Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.desal.2013.04.012
Keywords
Organic-inorganic hybrid membranes; Multi-walled carbon nanotubes; Oxygen-containing groups; Hydrophilicity; Permeability; Rejection
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11175130]
- Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin, China [10JCYBJC02300]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2012M520578, 20100481092]
- Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds [1202067C, 1002031C]
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To investigate the effect of the oxygen-containing groups of inorganic modifiers on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane performance, the PVDF/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) hybrid ultrafiltration membranes were prepared via phase inversion by dispersing pristine and different dosage oxidized MWCNTs ranging from 0.2 wt.% to 2 wt.% in PVDF casting solutions. An increment in the porosity, pore size and surface roughness of the membranes was observed by the addition of pristine and oxidized MWCNTs. The rejection increased 22.2% in the content of 0.5 wt.% oxidized MWCNTs. The contact angle of membranes decreased from 75.8 degrees (pure PVDF) to 54.7 degrees (PVDF/1 wt.% oxidized MWCNTs), and 11 times increase in water flux was also indicated with the incorporation of 1 wt.% oxidized MWCNTs, which was considered as the optimum dosage. More importantly, the architecture and performance of PVDF/oxidized MWCNTs hybrid membranes outperformed PVDF/pristine MWCNTs hybrid membranes remarkably in the same content (1 wt.%), which can be ascribed to the presence of hydrophilic oxygen-containing groups. This work demonstrated that the oxygen-containing groups of inorganic fillers played a critical role in determining the structures, morphologies and performances of ultrafiltration membranes. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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