Journal
DEMENTIA AND GERIATRIC COGNITIVE DISORDERS
Volume 29, Issue 4, Pages 371-378Publisher
KARGER
DOI: 10.1159/000278692
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease, clinical characteristics; Apolipoprotein E; PRNP gene codon 129; Alzheimer's disease, rapid progression
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Funding
- Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [01GI0301, KZ 0312720]
- Federal Ministry of Health (BMG) [Az325-4471-02/15]
- Robert Koch Institute [1369-341]
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Objective: To characterize clinical features, CSF biomarkers and genetic polymorphisms of patients suffering from a rapidly progressing subtype of Alzheimer's dementia (rpAD). Methods: Retrospective analyses of 32 neuropathologically confirmed cases differentially diagnosed as AD out of a group with rapidly progressive dementia. CSF biomarkers (14-3-3, tau, beta-amyloid 1-42) and genetic markers (PRNP codon 129, apolipoprotein E, ApoE, polymorphism) were determined. Results: Median survival was 26 months, age at onset 73 years. Biomarkers: mean beta-amyloid 1-42: 266 pg/ml, median tau: 491 pg/ml, 14-3-3 positive: 31%. Genetic polymorphisms showed a predominance of methionine homozygosity at PRNP codon 129 and a low frequency of ApoE4 (38%, no homozygous patients). Thirty-five symptoms were studied. Frequent symptoms were myoclonus (75%), disturbed gait (66%) and rigidity (50%). Discussion: rpAD is associated with a diversity of neurological signs even able to mimic Creutz feldt-Jakob disease. Biomarkers and genetic profile differ from those seen in classical AD. The findings on biomarkers, symptomatology and genetics may aid the differential diagnostic process. Copyright (C) 2010 S. Karger AG, Basel
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