Journal
CYTOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 62, Issue 6, Pages 573-583Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10616-010-9310-0
Keywords
Bufalin; Non-small cell lung cancer; Proliferation; Apoptosis; Cell cycle arrest; VEGFR/EGFR/c-Met; MAPKs; Akt-NF-kappa B pathways
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Funding
- Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of the People's Republic of China
- Yantai University
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [30973553]
- Department of Science and Technology of Shandong Province [Y2008C71, 2009GG10002087]
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Bufalin, a naturally occurring small-molecule compound from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Chansu showed inhibitory effects against human prostate, hepatocellular, endometrial and ovarian cancer cells, and leukemia cells. However, whether or not bufalin has inhibitory activity against the proliferation of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells is unclear. The aim of this study is to study the effects of bufalin on the proliferation of NSCLC and its molecular mechanisms of action. The cancer cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay. The apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed by flow cytometry. The protein expressions and phosphorylation in the cancer cells were detected by Western blot analysis. In the present study, we have demonstrated that bufalin suppressed the proliferation of human NSCLC A549 cell line in time- and dose-dependent manners. Bufalin induced the apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by affecting the protein expressions of Bcl-2/Bax, cytochrome c, caspase-3, PARP, p53, p21WAF1, cyclinD1, and COX-2 in A549 cells. In addition, bufalin reduced the protein levels of receptor expressions and/or phosphorylation of VEGFR1, VEGFR2, EGFR and/or c-Met in A549 cells. Furthermore, bufalin inhibited the protein expressions and phosphorylation of Akt, NF-kappa B, p44/42 MAPK (ERK1/2) and p38 MAPK in A549 cells. Our results suggest that bufalin inhibits the human lung cancer cell proliferation via VEGFR1/VEGFR2/EGFR/c-Met-Akt/p44/42/p38-NF-kappa B signaling pathways; bufalin may have a wide therapeutic and/or adjuvant therapeutic application in the treatment of human NSCLC.
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