Journal
CYTOSKELETON
Volume 70, Issue 10, Pages 590-603Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/cm.21130
Keywords
filopodia; actin; retrograde flow; force; membrane tension
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Funding
- Human Frontier Science Program
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In recent years, the dynamic, hair-like cell protrusions called filopodia have attracted considerable attention. They have been found in a multitude of different cell types and are often called sensory organelles, since they seem to sense the mechanical and chemical environment of a cell. Once formed, filopodia can exhibit complex behavior, they can grow and retract, push or pull, and transform into distinct structures. They are often found to make first adhesive contact with the extracellular matrix, pathogens or with adjacent cells, and to subsequently exert pulling forces. Much is known about the cytoskeletal players involved in filopodia formation, but only recently have we started to explore the mechanics of filopodia together with the related cytoskeletal dynamics. This review summarizes current advancements in our understanding of the mechanics and dynamics of filopodia, with a focus on the molecular mechanisms behind filopodial force exertion. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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