Journal
CYTOKINE & GROWTH FACTOR REVIEWS
Volume 24, Issue 3, Pages 285-295Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2013.03.003
Keywords
Activin; Follistatin; Inflammation; Fibrosis; Immunoregulation
Categories
Funding
- National Health and Medical Research Council
- Victorian Government
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The activins, as members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, are pleiotrophic regulators of cell development and function, including cells of the myeloid and lymphoid lineages. Clinical and animal studies have shown that activin levels increase in both acute and chronic inflammation, and are frequently indicators of disease severity. Moreover, inhibition of activin action can reduce inflammation, damage, fibrosis and morbidity/mortality in various disease models. Consequently, activin A and, more recently, activin B are emerging as important diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets in inflammatory and fibrotic diseases. Activin antagonists such as follistatin, an endogenous activin-binding protein, offer considerable promise as therapies in conditions as diverse as sepsis, liver fibrosis, acute lung injury, asthma, wound healing and ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Crown Copyright (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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