Journal
CYTOKINE & GROWTH FACTOR REVIEWS
Volume 23, Issue 3, Pages 69-84Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2012.04.006
Keywords
Damage-associated molecular patterns; Innate immunity and sterile inflammation; Oxidative and nitrosative stress; Liver surgery and transplantation; Microcirculation
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Funding
- Academic Medical Center
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Hepatic ischemia and reperfusion elicits an immune response that lacks a microbial constituent yet poses a potentially lethal threat to the host. In this sterile setting, the immune system is alarmed by endogenous danger signals that are release by stressed and dying liver cells. The detection of these immunogenic messengers by sentinel leukocyte populations constitutes the proximal trigger for a self-perpetuating cycle of inflammation, in which consecutive waves of cytokines and chemokines orchestrate the influx of various leukocyte subsets that ultimately confer tissue destruction. This review focuses on the temporal organization of sterile hepatic inflammation, using surgery-induced trauma as a template disease state. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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