Journal
CYTOKINE & GROWTH FACTOR REVIEWS
Volume 22, Issue 2, Pages 63-72Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2011.02.001
Keywords
Double-stranded viral RNA; TLR3; RIG-1; NLRP3 inflammasome; Signal transduction
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Funding
- Division of Intramural Research, NHLBI, NIH
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Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), the genetic material for many RNA viruses, induces robust host immune responses via pattern recognition receptors, which include Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), retinoic acid-inducible gene-I-like receptors (RLRs) and the multi-protein NLRP3 inflammasome complex. The engagement of dsRNA receptors or inflammasome activation by viral dsRNA initiates complex intracellular signaling cascades that play essential roles in inflammation and innate immune responses, as well as the resultant development of adaptive immunity. This review focuses on signaling pathways mediated by TLR3, RLRs and the NLRP3 inflammasome, as well as the potential use of agonists and antagonists that target these pathways to treat disease. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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