Journal
CYTOKINE
Volume 55, Issue 1, Pages 62-73Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2011.03.015
Keywords
Oncorhynchus mykiss; Interleukin-22; Mucosal expression; Recombinant IL-22; Antimicrobial peptides
Funding
- FCT (Foundation for Science and Technology, Portugal)
- POPH/FSE [SFRH/BD/38236/2007]
- European Commission [007103]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/38236/2007] Funding Source: FCT
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This report describes the cloning and characterisation of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) interleukin (IL)-22, and presents studies of the functional activity of its recombinant protein for the first time in a non-mammalian species. The predicted IL-22 coding region consists of 522 nucleotides which translates into a 173 amino acid protein, that contains an IL-10 family signature which is reasonably well conserved with other vertebrate IL-22 molecules. Expression analysis in tissues from healthy fish revealed a higher constitutive expression of IL-22 in mucosal tissues, suggesting a potentially important role in mucosal immunity. In vitro studies demonstrated that IL-22 expression was induced significantly by PHA and PMA in splenocyte primary cultures 4 h post-stimulation. Expression was also induced in the spleen upon infection of fish with the Gram-negative bacterium Yersinia ruckeri, suggesting a potential role of IL-22 in vivo in defence against bacterial diseases. The Escherichia coli produced recombinant IL-22 enhanced the expression of a number of antimicrobial peptides, promoting host innate immunity against microbes and revealing a biological similarity with its mammalian counterpart. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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