Journal
CYTOKINE
Volume 46, Issue 3, Pages 339-345Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2009.03.006
Keywords
Inflammation; White adipose tissue; Obesity; Insulin resistance; Hepatic steatosis
Funding
- National Institutes of Health under Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award [T32 DK59802]
- American College of Sports Medicine student
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES [T32DK059802] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) is associated with white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation, which contributes to key components of the metabolic syndrome, including insulin resistance (IR) and hepatic steatosis (HS). To determine the differential effects of exercise training (EX), low-fat diet (LFD), and their combination on WAT inflammation, Balb/cByJ male mice (n = 34) were fed an HFD for 12 Wks before they were randomized into one of four intervention groups: HFD-EX, LFD-EX, HFD-sedentary (SED), or LFD-SED. EX mice performed 12 Wks of exercise training on a motorized treadmill (1 h/d, 5 d/wk, 12 m/min, 5% grade, similar to 65% VO2 max), while SED mice remained sedentary in their home cages. WAT gene expression of adipokines was assessed using rt-PCR. IR was measured using HOMA-IR, and HS via hepatic triglyceride content. EX significantly reduced (53%) WAT gene expression of MCP-1, and LFD significantly reduced (50%) WAT gene expression of the macrophage specific marker, F4/80 as well as the adipocytokine IL-1ra (25%). EX independently improved IR, while both EX and LFD improved HS. These findings suggest that both diet and exercise have unique beneficial effects on WAT inflammatory markers and the mechanism by which each treatment improves metabolic complications associated with chronic consumption of an HFD may be different. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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