Journal
CURRENT TOPICS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 14, Issue 11, Pages 1348-1355Publisher
BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/1568026614666140506120647
Keywords
Crystal structure; CYP3A4; inhibitor design; ligand binding; pharmacophore; ritonavir analogues
Categories
Funding
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences [GM33688]
- California Center for Antiviral Drug Discovery
- Gilead Sciences
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Inactivation of human drug-metabolizing cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) could lead to serious adverse events such as drug-drug interactions and toxicity. However, when properly controlled, CYP3A4 inhibition may be beneficial as it can improve clinical efficacy of co-administered therapeutics that otherwise are quickly metabolized by CYP3A4. Currently, the CYP3A4 inhibitor ritonavir and its derivative cobicistat are prescribed to HIV patients as pharmacoenhancers. Both drugs were designed based on the chemical structure/ activity relationships rather than the CYP3A4 crystal structure. To unravel the structural basis of CYP3A4 inhibition, we compared the binding modes of ritonavir and ten analogues using biochemical, mutagenesis and x-ray crystallography techniques. This review summarizes our findings on the relative contribution of the heme-ligating moiety, side chains and the terminal group of ritonavir-like molecules to the ligand binding process, and highlights strategies for a structure-guided design of CYP3A4 inactivators.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available