Journal
JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY
Volume 21, Issue 3, Pages 235-241Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s13365-015-0346-y
Keywords
Macrophages; HIV; Reservoirs; Cure; CNS disease; Eradication; Neurocognitive disorders
Categories
Funding
- NIMH
- NIDA, National Institutes of Health
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Combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) has altered the outcomes of HIV infection in treated populations by greatly reducing the incidence of opportunistic infections, cancer, and HIV-associated dementia. Despite these benefits, treated patients remain at high risk of chronic diseases affecting the peripheral organs and brain. Generally, these morbidities are attributed to persistence of latent HIV in resting T cells, chronic inflammation, and metabolic effects of ART. This review makes the case that monocytes/macrophages warrant attention as persistent reservoirs of HIV under ART, source of systemic and brain inflammation, and important targets for HIV eradication to control chronic HIV diseases.
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