Journal
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN
Volume 20, Issue 22, Pages 3530-3547Publisher
BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/13816128113196660750
Keywords
Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA); Symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA); Monomethylarginine (L-NMMA); Nitric oxide synthase (NOS); Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH); Alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 (AGXT2)
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Funding
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research [IZKF] of the Universitatsklinikum Erlangen [TP F02]
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The methylarginines asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and monomethylarginine (L-NMMA) are endogenously formed inhibitors of nitric oxide synthases (NOS), which have extensively been investigated as risk markers and used as pharmacological tools to study the L-arginine-nitric oxide (NO) pathway in vitro and in vivo. It is the aim of the present review to summarize the clinical and experimental data on the pharmacological properties that are of relevance when planning and conducting experiments and clinical studies involving methylarginines. Key pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic data including IC50 values of ADMA and L-NMMA for NOS isoforms and transport proteins, as well as metabolism by dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolases (DDAH1 and DDAH2) and alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 (AGXT2) are discussed.
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