HR-MAS NMR Spectroscopy: A Practical Guide for Natural Samples

High Resolution Magic Angle Spinning (HR-MAS) NMR spectroscopy is a versatile technique that provides high resolution NMR data on samples containing solutions, gels and swellable solids. In addition to providing structural information HR-MAS can also be used to investigate interfaces (for example organic structures at the solid-aqueous soil interface), processes such as swelling/flocculation, kinetic transfer between gel/liquid phases, as well as conformation and molecular interactions in situ. As such, HRMAS has potential in a diversity of fields including organic, biological, environmental, and medical research. This manuscript focuses on the application of HR-MAS to intact natural samples. A range of 1D and 2D NMR experiments are reviewed and compared in terms of general performance on a range of samples. Therefore, this practical guide and review should be a useful reference and starting point for those wishing to apply HR-MAS NMR. While this article focuses on natural samples, common key 1D and 2D experiments are considered which may be of interest to readers with diverse research interests.