Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
Volume 21, Issue 4, Pages 509-516Publisher
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2011.06.001
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Funding
- National Institute of Health [1R01GM095583-01, 1U54GM094625-01]
- National Science Foundation [0417142, 1021557]
- Energy Frontier Research Center
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0001016]
- Div Of Molecular and Cellular Bioscience
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1021557, 0417142] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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The invention of free electron X-ray lasers has opened a new era for membrane protein structure determination with the recent first proof-of-principle of the new concept of femtosecond nanocrystallography. Structure determination is based on thousands of diffraction snapshots that are collected on a fully hydrated stream of nanocrystals. This review provides a summary of the method and describes how femtosecond X-ray crystallography overcomes the radiation-damage problem in X-ray crystallography, avoids the need for growth and freezing of large single crystals while offering a new method for direct digital phase determination by making use of the fully coherent nature of the X-ray beam. We briefly review the possibilities for time-resolved crystallography, and the potential for making 'molecular movies' of membrane proteins at work.
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