Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY
Volume 23, Issue 6, Pages 1065-1072Publisher
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2013.09.008
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Funding
- DFG Research Center 'Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain' [SFB-TR43]
- EU-FP7 (Leukotreat, Ngidd)
- BMBF (Leukonet)
- ERG Advanced Grant (AxoGlia)
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In vertebrates, the myelination of long axons by oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells enables rapid impulse propagation. However, myelin sheaths are not only passive insulators. Oligodendrocytes are also known to support axonal functions and long-term integrity. Some of the underlying mechanisms have now been identified. It could be shown that oligodendrocytes can survive in vivo by aerobic glycolysis. Myelinating oligodendrocytes release lactate through the monocarboxylate transporter MCT1. Lactate is then utilized by axons for mitochondrial ATP generation. Studying axo-glial signalling and energy metabolism will lead to a better understanding of neurodegenerative diseases, in which axonal energy metabolism fails. These include neurological disorders as diverse as multiple sclerosis, leukodystrophies, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
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