Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN NEPHROLOGY AND HYPERTENSION
Volume 23, Issue 2, Pages 130-134Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/01.mnh.0000441052.44406.92
Keywords
renin-angiotensin system; angiotensin-(1-7); Mas-related G-coupled receptor type D; angiotensin A; alamandine
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Purpose of review In this article, we review the recent findings regarding a new derivative of angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)], alamandine, and its receptor, the Mas-related G-coupled receptor type D (MrgD) with a special emphasis on its role and how it can be formed. Recent findings Over the last decade, there have been significant conceptual changes regarding the understanding of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). A cardioprotective axis has been elucidated by the discovery of the Mas receptor for the biologically active Ang-(1-7), and the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) that coverts Ang II into Ang-(1-7). In addition, several components of the system, such as Ang-(1-12), Angiotensin A (Ang A) and the newly discovered peptide, alamandine, have been identified. Alamandine is generated by catalysis of Ang A via ACE2 or directly from Ang-(1-7). Alamandine is a vasoactive peptide with similar protective actions as Ang-(1-7) that acts through the MrgD and may represent another important counter-regulatory mechanism within the RAS.
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