Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN LIPIDOLOGY
Volume 19, Issue 5, Pages 462-468Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0b013e32830d5f09
Keywords
chronic inflammation; dendritic cells; lymphatic; macrophages; migration
Funding
- NIH [HL069446, Al049653, Al061741, HL084312]
- American Heart Association [0740052]
- NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE [R01HL084312, R01HL069446] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES [R01AI049653, R01AI061741, R37AI049653] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Purpose of review This review compares the fate of monocyte-derived cells that enter atherosclerotic plaques with those that accumulate at other sites of inflammation. Recent findings Resolution of inflammatory reactions involves emigration of monocyte-derived cells out of the inflamed site through nearby lymphatic vessels. However, this emigratory process associated with resolution is impaired in atherosclerosis. The mechanism for impeded emigration from plaques in vivo remains to be determined, but multiple factors are likely involved, including specialized properties of artery walls and a negative impact of lipid mediators on monocyte-derived cell migration. Summary Impaired egress would be expected to compound macrophage accumulation within plaques, contribute to build-up of necrotic pools, and explain in part the reticence of many plaques to regress, or resolve. Restoration of the capacity of monocyte-derived cells to leave plaques would, by contrast, be expected to facilitate regression, but it remains to be determined whether restoring egress may sometimes provoke unwanted outcomes as well.
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