Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 20, Issue 4, Pages 420-425Publisher
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2008.07.001
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Funding
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- Founding Research Centers for Emerging and Reemerging Infections Disease
- Sumitomo Foundation
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Accessory molecules are required for microbial recognition by Toll-like receptor (TLR), subsequent signaling, and regulation of ensuing immune responses. Accessory molecules regulate TLRs on the cell surface (MD-2 and RP105), or in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (Unc93B, PRAT4A, and gp96). Other types of accessory molecules modulate TLR responses by acting directly on TLR ligands (CD14, CD36, HMGB1, and the antimicrobial peptide LL37). These molecules cooperate with TLR, inducing appropriate defense mechanisms, It is important to understand how TLR signaling is controlled by these accessory molecules. These accessory molecules could be promising targets for therapeutic intervention in infectious disease and immune disorders.
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