Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 20, Issue 3, Pages 353-357Publisher
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2008.03.006
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Funding
- NHLBI NIH HHS [K08 HL089766, HL062410, R01 HL065410, R01 HL065410-07, R01 HL062410, R01 HL065410-06, 2R01 HL65410, HL089766, K08 HL089766-01, R01 HL065410-08, R01 HL062410-09] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI044920-08, R01 AI044920, R01 AI044920-09, R01 AI044920-07] Funding Source: Medline
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IL-17 is a cytokine that plays an important role in orchestrating innate immune function. In addition, IL-17 has been shown to exacerbate autoimmune diseases. CD4(+) alpha beta T cells, gamma delta T cells, and NK cells all produce IL-17. Th17 cells area newly defined alpha beta(+) T cell lineage characterized by IL-17 production. However, gamma delta T cells are often the major source of this cytokine. Their response can be very rapid during bacterial infections and has been shown to be protective, but IL-17-producing gamma delta T cells have also been found to exacerbate collagen-induced arthritis. Interestingly, some gamma delta T cells produce IL-17 in response to IL-23 alone, even in naive animals, suggesting they are already differentiated and may develop differently than CD4(+) alpha beta Th17 cells.
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