Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN GENETICS & DEVELOPMENT
Volume 29, Issue -, Pages 60-67Publisher
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2014.08.007
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Funding
- Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Colciencias from Colombia [497/2009]
- Science without Borders Brazil
- Volkswagen Foundation within initiative 'Evolutionary Biology'
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Deciphering the molecular basis of how modern human phenotypes have evolved is one of the most fascinating challenges in biology. Here, we will focus on the roles of gene regulatory factors (GRFs), in particular transcription factors (TFs) and long non-coding RNAs (IncRNAs) during human evolution. We will present examples of TFs and IncRNAs that have changed or show signs of positive selection in humans compared to chimpanzees, in modern humans compared to archaic humans, or within modern human populations. On the basis of current knowledge about the functions of these GRF genes, we speculate that they have been involved in speciation as well as in shaping phenotypes such as brain functions, skeletal morphology, and metabolic processes.
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