Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN GASTROENTEROLOGY
Volume 29, Issue 1, Pages 49-54Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/MOG.0b013e32835a3493
Keywords
colon cancer; inflammatory bowel disease; irritable bowel syndrome; metabolic syndrome; microbiota; mucosal immunity
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Funding
- Science Foundation Ireland
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Purpose of review Diverse research interests have converged on the gut microbiota because of its contribution to immune development, mucosal homeostasis and to the pathogenesis of a diversity of intestinal and extraintestinal disorders. Recent landmark findings are addressed here. Recent findings The impact of lifestyle, including dietary changes and antibiotics, on the microbiota has been mechanistically linked with disease risk. Microbial, immune and metabolic signalling are mutually interactive, with each of these being regulated by diet. Although changes in the microbiota have been found in several disorders and may have important therapeutic implications, some components of the commensal microbiota may behave like pathogens (pathobionts) depending on the context and host susceptibility. Summary Advances in understanding host-microbe interactions in the gut continue apace, they are relevant to a diversity of infectious, inflammatory, neoplastic and metabolic disorders and are poised for clinical translation.
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