Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN GASTROENTEROLOGY
Volume 24, Issue 3, Pages 349-356Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/MOG.0b013e3282fbf9b3
Keywords
cholangiocarcinoma; epidemiology; liver fluke; pathogenesis; Thailand
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Funding
- NIAID NIH HHS [1UO1 AI065871, U01 AI065871-03, U01 AI065871] Funding Source: Medline
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Purpose of review To present the background of liver fluke-associated cholangiocarcinoma in Thailand focusing on recent epidemiological data and pathogenesis of this bile duct cancer. Recent findings More systematic tumor registration in Thailand nowadays uncovers new high-incidence areas that are confined to not only the northeastern part but also some provinces in northern Thailand. The link between the liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini, and cholangiocarcinoma, particularly in terms of cellular and molecular pathogenesis, is further elucidated. Summary Thailand is still the country with the highest incidence of cholangiocarcinoma in the world. Liver fluke induces chronic inflammation leading to oxidative DNA damage of the infected biliary epithelium and malignant transformation. Eradication of the fluke and identification of high-risk populations are urgently needed.
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