Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
Volume 17, Issue 3, Pages 496-505Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2013.04.007
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Funding
- United States Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-EE0003373]
- United States National Science Foundation (NSF) [0742551]
- California Energy Commission [CILMSF 500-10-039]
- Division Of Graduate Education
- Direct For Education and Human Resources [0742551] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Microalgae are a promising feedstock for biodiesel and other liquid fuels due to their fast growth rate, high lipid yields, and ability to grow in a broad range of environments. However, many microalgae achieve maximal lipid yields only under stress conditions hindering growth and providing compositions not ideal for biofuel applications. Metabolic engineering of algal fatty acid biosynthesis promises to create strains capable of economically producing fungible and sustainable biofuels. The algal fatty acid biosynthetic pathway has been deduced by homology to bacterial and plant systems, and much of our understanding is gleaned from basic studies in these systems. However, successful engineering of lipid metabolism in algae will necessitate a thorough characterization of the algal fatty acid synthase (FAS) including protein-protein interactions and regulation. This review describes recent efforts to engineer fatty acid biosynthesis toward optimizing microalgae as a biodiesel feedstock.
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