Journal
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 17, Issue 27, Pages 2990-3006Publisher
BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/092986710791959729
Keywords
beta-amyloid; Alzheimer's disease; aggregation inhibitors
Funding
- European Community [FP7/2007e2013, 212043]
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The progressive production and subsequent accumulation of beta-amyloid (A beta), a proteolytic fragment of the membrane-associated amyloid precursor protein (APP), plays a central role in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). A beta is released in a soluble form that may be responsible for cognitive dysfunction in the early stages of the disease, then progressively forms oligomeric, multimeric and fibrillar aggregates, triggering neurodegeneration. Eventually, the aggregation and accumulation of A beta culminates with the formation of extracellular plaques, one of the morphological hallmarks of the disease, detectable post-mortem in AD brains. In this review we report the known structural features of amyloid peptides and fibrils, and we give an overview of all small molecules that have been found to interact with A beta aggregation. Deeper knowledge of the mechanism leading to amyloid fibrils along with their molecular structure and the molecular interactions responsible for activity of small molecules could supply useful information for the design of new AD therapeutic agents.
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