Journal
CURRENT HIV RESEARCH
Volume 11, Issue 5, Pages 354-364Publisher
BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/1570162X113116660060
Keywords
Antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity; antibody structure; antigen structure; Fc-mediated effector function
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Funding
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1033109]
- NIAID, NIH [R01AI087181]
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1033109] Funding Source: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
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Passive immunization studies in non-human primates have established unequivocally that virus neutralization can prevent infection, providing the impetus for current intense efforts to identify immunogens that elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies in humans. Although Fc-mediated effector function may also contribute to protection by neutralizing antibodies, its role in protection by non-neutralizing antibodies is controversial. Here, I review the literature suggesting a role for Fc-mediated effector by non-neutralizing antibodies in protective immunity against HIV-1 with a primary focus on antibody mediated cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and related responses such as antibody-dependent cellular viral inhibition (ADCVI). Special emphasis is placed on qualitative and quantitative variables including antibody specificity and dose-response behavior in vitro and in vivo, which I propose as key variables in future passive immunization studies. Properly configured, these studies should clarify the role of Fc-mediated effector function by nonneutralizing antibodies in protection against HIV-1.
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