Journal
CURRENT DIABETES REPORTS
Volume 18, Issue 11, Pages -Publisher
CURRENT MEDICINE GROUP
DOI: 10.1007/s11892-018-1085-2
Keywords
Beta cell; Type 1 diabetes; Insulin; Heterogeneity; Transcriptomics; Imaging
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Funding
- MRC [MR/K001981/1, MR/L020149/1, MR/L02036X/1, MR/R022259/1, MR/N00275X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES [R01DK106412, R01DK102950] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Purpose of ReviewTo discuss advances in our understanding of beta-cell heterogeneity and the ramifications of this for type 1 diabetes (T1D) and its therapy.Recent FindingsA number of studies have challenged the long-standing dogma that the majority of beta cells are eliminated in T1D. As many as 80% are present in some T1D subjects. Why don't these cells function properly to release insulin in response to high glucose? Other findings deploying single-cell omics to study both healthy and diseased cellsfrom patients with both T1D and type 2 diabetes (T2D)have revealed cell subpopulations and heterogeneity at the transcriptomic/protein level between individual cells. Finally, our own and others' findings have demonstrated the importance of functional beta-cell subpopulations for insulin secretion.SummaryHeterogeneity may endow beta cells with molecular features that predispose them to failure/death during T1D.
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