4.8 Article

Single-Neuron Responses in Humans during Execution and Observation of Actions

Journal

CURRENT BIOLOGY
Volume 20, Issue 8, Pages 750-756

Publisher

CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2010.02.045

Keywords

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Funding

  1. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
  2. European Molecular Biology Organization
  3. Human Frontier Science Program Organization
  4. Brain Mapping Medical Research Organization
  5. Brain Mapping Support Foundation
  6. Pierson-Lovelace Foundation
  7. The Ahmanson Foundation
  8. William M and Linda R. Dietel Philanthropic Fund at the Northern Piedmont Community Foundation
  9. Tamkin Foundation
  10. Jennifer Jones-Simon Foundation
  11. Capital Group Companies Charitable Foundation
  12. Robson Family
  13. Northstar Fund
  14. National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), National Institutes of Health (NIH) [RR12169, RR13642, RR00865]

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Direct recordings in monkeys have demonstrated that neurons in frontal and parietal areas discharge during execution and perception of actions [1-8]. Because these discharges reflect the perceptual aspects of actions of others onto the motor repertoire of the perceiver, these cells have been called mirror neurons. Their overlapping sensory-motor representations have been implicated in observational learning and imitation, two important forms of learning [9]. In humans, indirect measures of neural activity support the existence of sensory-motor mirroring mechanisms in homolog frontal and parietal areas [10,11], other motor regions [12-15], and also the existence of multisensory mirroring mechanisms in nonmotor regions [16-19]. We recorded extracellular activity from 1177 cells in human medial frontal and temporal cortices while patients executed or observed hand grasping actions and facial emotional expressions. A significant proportion of neurons in supplementary motor area, and hippocampus and environs, responded to both observation and execution of these actions. A subset of these neurons demonstrated excitation during action-execution and inhibition during action-observation. These findings suggest that multiple systems in humans may be endowed with neural mechanisms of mirroring for both the integration and differentiation of perceptual and motor aspects of actions performed by self and others.

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