Journal
CURRENT BIOLOGY
Volume 19, Issue 17, Pages R762-R771Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2009.06.053
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Funding
- NIH [NIGMS U54 GM64346]
- NSF [DMS-0315782]
- European Research Council
- ISF [11832/07]
- Wolfson Foundation
- Israel Council for Higher Education
- Technion
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Motile cells - fan-like keratocytes, hand-shaped nerve growth cones, polygonal fibroblasts, to name but a few come in different shapes and sizes. We discuss the origins of this diversity as well as what shape tells us about the physics and biochemistry underlying cell movement. We start with geometric rules describing cell-edge kinetics that govern cell shape, followed by a discussion of the underlying biophysics; we consider actin treadmilling, actin-myosin contraction, cell-membrane deformations, adhesion, and the complex interactions between these modules, as well as their regulation by microtubulles and Rho GTPases. Focusing on several different cell types, including keratocytes and fibroblasts, we discuss how dynamic cell morphology emerges from the interplay between the different motility modules and the environment.
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