Journal
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN SOLID STATE AND MATERIALS SCIENCES
Volume 39, Issue 6, Pages 423-458Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/10408436.2014.899890
Keywords
nanoparticles; characterization techniques; imaging; spectroscopic; separation
Funding
- Junta de Andalucia, (Spain) [P10-FQM-5974]
- CEI-Biotic Granada start-up Micro-projects for young researchers [CEI2013-MP-10]
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This article gives an overview of the different techniques used to identify, characterize, and quantify engineered nanoparticles (ENPs). The state-of-the-art of the field is summarized, and the different characterization techniques have been grouped according to the information they can provide. In addition, some selected applications are highlighted for each technique. The classification of the techniques has been carried out according to the main physical and chemical properties of the nanoparticles such as morphology, size, polydispersity characteristics, structural information, and elemental composition. Microscopy techniques including optical, electron and X-ray microscopy, and separation techniques with and without hyphenated detection systems are discussed. For each of these groups, a brief description of the techniques, specific features, and concepts, as well as several examples, are described.
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