Journal
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Volume 44, Issue 19, Pages 2107-2171Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/10643389.2013.828270
Keywords
pesticides; xenobiotics; non-extractable residues (NER); NER xenobiotic/biogenic/classification; fate analysis; biodegradation; soil organic matter; risk assessment; sequestration; aging; modelling
Categories
Funding
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ
- German Research Council (DFG) [980/1-1, Scha 390/13-1]
- European Commission - Raise-Bio project under Human Resources and Mobility Activity (6th Framework programme) [MEST-CT-2005-020984]
- MagicPAH project [245226]
Ask authors/readers for more resources
This review provides a comprehensive overview about nonextractable residue (NER) formation and attempts to classify the various types. Xenobiotic NER derived from parent pesticides (or other environmental contaminants) and primary metabolites sorbed or entrapped within the soil organic matter (Type I) or covalently bound (Type II) pose a considerably higher risk than those derived from productive biodegradation. However, biogenic nonextractable residues (bioNER) (Type III) resulting from conversion of carbon (or nitrogen) from the compounds into microbial biomass molecules do not pose any risk. Experimental approaches to clearly distinguish between the types are provided, and a model to prospectively estimate bioNER formation in soil is proposed.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available