Journal
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Volume 42, Issue 5, Pages 435-488Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/10643389.2010.518524
Keywords
biodegradation/biotransformation; bioreactive organoclays; pollutants; remediation; sorption
Categories
Funding
- Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE)
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation (CERAR, University of South Australia)
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Organoclays, which are synthesized by introducing organic molecules into the clay structure, have been proven effective for remediation ofmany contaminants in soil and water. The underlying principle for this is sorption. However, a new remediation approach that combines sorption and biodegradation/biotransformation has evolved in recent years. Contaminants sorbed on organoclays can be successfully degraded or transformed into less toxic forms by specific microorganisms, provided the participating microbes thrive well on the organoclays. Thus, bioreactive organoclays are prepared. The authors present a critical review of the scientific principles and scope of integrating microorganisms with organoclays to develop a new environmental friendly, risk-based, and cost-effective remediation technology. Furthermore, they propose new research directions in the field.
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