Journal
CRITICAL CARE CLINICS
Volume 25, Issue 3, Pages 431-+Publisher
W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccc.2009.03.003
Keywords
Sedation; Analgesia; Critical care; Midazolam; Lorazepam; Propofol; Opioids; Fentanyl
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Opioids, benzodiazepines, and propofol remain the mainstay by which to optimize patient comfort and facilitate mechanical ventilation in patients who are critically ill. Unfortunately none of these agents share all of the characteristics of the ideal sedative or analgesic agent: rapid onset, rapid recovery, a predictable dose response, a lack of drug accumulation, and no toxicity. To optimize care, critical care clinicians should be familiar with the many pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and pharmacogenetic variables that can affect the safety and efficacy of these sedatives and analgesics.
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