Journal
COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS
Volume 256, Issue 21-22, Pages 2503-2520Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.03.031
Keywords
Artificial photosynthesis; Solar fuels; Water splitting
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Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, under the DOE Solar Photochemistry program [DE-FG02-07ER15909]
- Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, an Energy Frontier Research Center [DE-SC0001059]
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Light-driven water oxidation is an essential step for conversion of sunlight into storable chemical fuels. Fujishima and Honda reported the first example of photoelectrochemical water oxidation in 1972. In their system, TiO2 was irradiated with ultraviolet light, producing oxygen at the anode and hydrogen at a platinum cathode. Inspired by this system, more recent work has focused on functionalizing nanoporous TiO2 or other semiconductor surfaces with molecular adsorbates, including chromophores and catalysts that absorb visible light and generate electricity (i.e., dye-sensitized solar cells) or trigger water oxidation at low overpotentials (i.e., photocatalytic cells). The physics involved in harnessing multiple photochemical events for multi-electron reactions, as required in the four-electron water-oxidation process, has been the subject of much experimental and computational study. In spite of significant advances with regard to individual components, the development of highly efficient photocatalytic cells for solar water splitting remains an outstanding challenge. This article reviews recent progress in the field with emphasis on water-oxidation photoanodes inspired by the design of functionalized thin-film semiconductors of typical dye-sensitized solar cells. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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