Journal
ACS NANO
Volume 10, Issue 1, Pages 539-548Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b05535
Keywords
nanowire; oriented attachment; tunnel; interface; surface structure
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation [DMR-1410560]
- NSF [CMMI-1200383]
- Argonne National Laboratory [4F31422]
- U.S. Department of Energy from Vehicle Technologies Office, Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) [DE-AC0206CH11357]
- MRI-R2 grant from National Science Foundation [DMR-0959470]
- EPSRC [EP/L016354, EP/L000202/1]
- MRI-R2 grant from the National Science Foundation [DMR-0959470]
- EPSRC [EP/K016288/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/K016288/1, EP/L000202/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1620901] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Controlled synthesis of nanomaterials is one of the grand challenges facing materials scientists. In particular, how tunnel-based nanomaterials aggregate during synthesis while, maintaining their well-aligned tunneled structure is not fully understood. Here, we describe the atomistic mechanism of oriented attachment (OA) during solution synthesis of tunneled alpha-MnO2 nanowires based on a combination of in situ liquid cell transmission electron microscopy (TEM), aberration-corrected scanning TEM with subangstrom spatial resolution, and first-principles calculations. It is found that primary tunnels (1 x 1 and 2 x 2) attach along their common {110} lateral surfaces to form interfaces corresponding to 2 x 3 tunnels that facilitate their short-range ordering. The OA growth of alpha-MnO2 nanowires is driven by the stability gained from elimination of {110} surfaces and saturation of Mn atoms at {110}-edges. During this process, extra [MnOx] radicals in solution link the two adjacent {110} surfaces and bond with the unsaturated Mn atoms from both surface edges to produce stable nanowire interfaces. Our results provide insights into the nanomaterials in which tunneled structures can be tailored for use in catalysis, ion applications.
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