Multi-objectives, multi-period optimization of district energy systems: III. Distribution networks

A systematic procedure including process design and integration techniques for designing and operating energy distribution networks, and for transportation of resources is presented in this paper. In the developed model a simultaneous multi-objectives and multi-period optimization is principally investigated. In addition to optimize the transportation of resources/products, the proposed method helps decision makers to decide; which type and size of poly-generation technologies, centralized or decentralized, are best suited for the district, where in the district shall the equipment be located (geographically), how the services should be distributed, and what are the optimal flow, supply and return temperatures of the distribution networks. The design and the extension of distribution networks and transportation of resources, based on the geographical information system (GIS), are the novelties of the present work. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.