Journal
COMPTES RENDUS PHYSIQUE
Volume 13, Issue 6-7, Pages 539-565Publisher
ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1016/j.crhy.2012.04.007
Keywords
Cosmology; Dark energy; General relativity; Cosmological constant; Cosmological perturbation theory
Funding
- Swiss National Science Foundation
- Swiss National Science Foundation
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In this mini-review we discuss first why we should investigate cosmological models beyond ACDM. We then show how to describe dark energy or modified gravity models in a fluid language with the help of one background and two perturbation quantities. We review a range of dark energy models and study how they fit into the phenomenological framework, including generalizations like phantom crossing, sound speeds different from c and non-zero anisotropic stress, and how these effective quantities are linked to the underlying physical models. We also discuss the limits of what can be measured with cosmological data, and some challenges for the framework. (c) 2012 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
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